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No. 6I4,708. Patented Nov. 22, I898. E.- L. DOYEN.

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(Application filed Jan. 31, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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- EUGENE LOUIS DOYEN, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

FORCEPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 614,708, dated November 22, 1898.

Application filed January 31, 1898. Serial No. 668,635. (-No model.)

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, EUGENE LOUIS DOYEN, surgeon, a citizen of France, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Forceps or Like Instruments, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to forceps or pincers for use in surgical operations; and it consists in auxiliary pressure-increasing devices attached to the lever-arms or handles to increase their nipping or compressing powers.

The nature of the improvement will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a pair of forceps provided with the auxiliary pressure-augmenting device in operative position. Fig. 2 is a fragmental bottom view along the line X Y of Fig. 1.

A and B are the lever-arms or handles, pivoted at 7 and terminating in the nipperjaws A and B. About midway between the thumb or fingereye and the pivot-point 7 on the handle A is a slot in which a pawl c is pivoted at 1 and capable of a limited swing. A spring 6, secured to the outer edge of the handle A, presses against the rear end of the pawl O and tends to deflect its outer toothed end downwardly. The handle B does not terminate in the usual thumb or finger eye, but has an enlargement F, which is slotted to receive the enlarged rounded end of the auxiliary lever-arm D, which is pivoted therein.

This rounded end is cammed or provided,

with a tooth 8, with which the spring-pressed pawl c, which is adapted to enter the slot in the arm B, engages. The lever-armD is provided with a thumb or finger eye to correspond with the one in the handle A. It is also provided with a pin 4, which engages with a swinging hook or catch 3 on the end of the handle B, by means of which the leverarm D may be held in place against the handle B. The end of the pawl 0 projects sufficiently through the slot in the handle 13 to permit of its being lifted against the pressure of the spring 6 out of engagement with the tooth or cam 8 on the lever-arm D.

At the lower end of the handle A is pivoted a swinging rack-bar 5, having teeth inwardly disposed and adapted to engage with a projection or lug E upon the lower end of the handle B. A shoulder 9 prevents the rackbar when swung up from passing the lug E.

The operation of the device is as follows: If only a normal pressure is required, the forceps may be used like ordinary surgeons pincers by securing the auxiliary-lever arm D, when out of engagement with the pawl 0, down against the handle B by the pin 4 and hook or catch 3. When the parts are disposed in this manner, the forceps may be ap-- plied in the usual way, or, if desired, the rack-bar 5 may be swung up into engagement with the lug E, by which means the handles may be locked'at any desired pressure against opening or, releasing the nipperjaws; but when it is desired to increase the pressure thus obtained the lever-arm D is opened out into engagement with the pawl C, and as D is forced back toward its former or closed position against the handles B the pressure exerted by the nipper-jaws is largely increased through the medium of this additional leverage. As the handles A and B are brought closer together by this means, the lug E advances in engagement along the rack-bar 5, which has sufiicient spring to allow such a movement, and thereby removes all strain from the pawl O and lever-arm D.

In order that the forceps may be readily and frequently cleaned, I have provided tapering pivots at 1, 2, and 7 of such a construction as to be easily removable, so that the parts may be detached and assembled without difficulty. All the other attachments have been secured by screws with the above object in view.

Although my invention applies to forceps or pincers for use in surgical operations, it is obvious that it may be applied in metal-working and various other branches, so I do not desire to limit myself to any specific branch.

What I claim is- 1. In forceps or like instruments the combination of the two pivoted handles, with a pawl pivoted on one of said handles, and an auxiliary lever pivoted on the other of said handles and adapted to engage with said pawl, for the purpose specified.

2. In forceps or like instruments the combination of the two pivoted handles, with a spring-pressed pawl pivoted in a slot in one of said handles, and an auxiliary lever, having an enlarged toothed end, pivoted in a slot in the other of said handles and adapted to engage with said pawl, for the purpose specified.

3. In forceps or like instruments the combination of two pivoted handles with a lug or projection secured on one of said handles, a swinging rack-bar pivoted on the other of said handles and adapted to swing into engagement with said lug or projection, and pressure increasing devices secured upon each of said handles operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In forceps or like instruments, two pivoted handles A and B, terminating in nipper-jaws, a spring-pressed pawl pivoted in a nesses.

EUGENE LOUIS DOYENi \Vitnesses:

EDWARD P. MACLEAN, IlYProLY'rE .Tossn. 

